History of World Art II: Day 13 - Italian Merchant Class

The late Middle Ages saw an increase in travel and trade between the East and West, and Italy was conveniently located in between many important trade routes. During the 13th and 14th centuries Italy developed a thriving commercial sector and a new economic system emerged. Shipping routes and commodities trade helped establish a new merchant class which became wealthy and influencial. This caused a transfer of the monetary power from the church alone to the merchant class, as well. Although much of the art commissioned during this time still had to do with religion, a shift in focus can be seen as the spread of wealth shifts.

One especially influencial merchant family in Italy was the Medici family in Florence. Florence became the heart of the Renaissance, due largely to the opportunities and funding from the Medici family which was provided to young artist. There was much pride taken in the city-states in Italy and the Medici family wanted to make Florence the most beautiful and breathtaking of them all. They hired designers, architects, builders, sculptors, muralists, and other artists who were all paid very well for their work - for the Medicis only the best would do. They were fore-runners in wanting to use their wealth to further art and learning. This made Florence the center of the upcoming Renaissance and drew talent and skill from all over.

Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici (1360–1429)
The first historically relevant member of
Medici family of Florence, and founder
of the Medici bank.

Cosimo de' Medici (1389-1464) Son of Giovanni di Bicci de Medici,
he inherited his fathers wealth and position.
Portrait Medal in bronze by Unknown master